Reviewing Class 7 Science Notes Chapter 1 The Ever Evolving World of Science Class 7 Notes regularly helps in retaining important facts.
Class 7 Science Chapter 1 The Ever Evolving World of Science Notes
Class 7 The Ever Evolving World of Science Notes
Class 7 Science Chapter 1 Notes – The Ever Evolving World of Science Notes Class 7
→ Science: A way of thinking that encourages curiosity, asks questions, and helps us understand the world around us.
→ Curiosity: The desire to learn, explore, and understand new things about the world.
→ Experiments: Hands-on activities conducted to explore and test scientific ideas or theories.
→ Sustainability: The practice of using resources in a way that does not deplete them, ensuring that future generations can also meet their needs.
→ Scientific Ideas: These are explanations or understandings developed through observation or experimentation. These ideas can often
lead to new discoveries, not just in one area of science, but in others as well.
→ Scientific Method: A step-by-step process used by scientists to ask questions, form hypotheses, test them, and draw conclusions based on evidences.
→ Patterns in Nature: Repeating events or occurrences observed in the natural world that can lead to new scientific questions or discoveries.
→ Metals: Materials that are shiny, good conductors of heat and electricity, like iron or copper.
→ Non-metals: Materials that are non-lustrous, do not conduct heat or electricity well, such as oxygen or sulphur.
→ Reversible Changes: Changes that can be reversed, like melting of ice.
→ Irreversible Changes: Changes that cannot be reversed, like ripening of fruit.
→ Chemical Changes: Changes that result in the formation of new substances, which cannot be reversed at all, like cooking of food or rusting of iron.
→ Physical Changes: Changes in the appearance or state of a substance that can often be reversed, such as melting of ice and freezing of water.
→ Heat: A form of energy that causes changes in materials, like melting ice or warming up water.
→ Evaporation: The process by which water turns into vapour and rises into the atmosphere, driven by heat from the Sun.
→ Condensation: It is the process where water vapour cools down and changes back into liquid water, forming clouds.
→ Precipitation: It is the process when the water falls from the clouds to the Earth’s surface as rain, snow and hail.
→ Water Cycle: The continuous movement of water through evaporation, condensation, and precipitation, driven by heat from the Sun.
→ Life Processes: The essential activities needed for living things to grow and survive, such as eating, breathing, and circulating nutrients.
→ Growth: The physical development that occurs in living things, especially noticeable during certain stages, like middle school years for humans.
→ Nutrients: Substances in food that are needed for energy, growth, and body functions, like carbohydrates, proteins, and vitamins.
→ Eclipse: It happens when the Sun, Earth and Moon line up in a straight line, causing one celestial body to block the light from the other. This results in either a solar or lunar eclipse, depending on the positions of the bodies.
Science – A Way of Thinking
Science is about developing a way of thinking. It begins with curiosity and leads to careful observation, questioning and reasoning. Science is present everywhere- in the kitchen, in the garden, in how machines work, or how your body grows and changes.
Learning science means
- Performing activities
- Discussing ideas
- Linking concepts to real-life situations
One of the most important parts of learning science is asking the right questions. It leads to deeper understanding.
The Interconnected Nature of Science
Science is often divided into different branches such as Physics, Chemistry, Biology and Earth Science. However, these branches are interconnected. For example
- Studying water involves learning about its physical states (Physics), chemical properties (Chemistry), role in supporting life (Biology), and its movement through the environment (Earth Science).
- Observing the sky includes, exploring the Earth’s movement (Physics and Astronomy) and how it affects weather patterns (Earth Science) and plant life (Biology).
Understanding one area often leads to questions in another. This interconnectedness makes science an interesting field of study.
Importance of Science
Science has significant importance because it helps us to understand different phenomenons and things around us, and lets us ask and explore interesting questions about the world, like
Properties of Materials
The substances we use daily, such as fruits, fabrics and soaps, exhibit a variety of physical and chemical properties. Science helps us understand why a fruit is sour or why a turmeric stain changes colour when washed with soap. It teaches us about the properties of these materials.
Electricity and Conductivity
When we connect batteries, wires and bulbs, we are using science to explore electricity. It helps us find out which materials let electricity to pass through and which does not.
Changes Around Us
Some changes can be undone (reversible changes), like melting ice and some cannot (irreversible changes), like ripening fruits or burning paper. Science helps us understand these changes and how they happen.
Heat and Water Cycles
From the melting of glaciers to the movement of water in nature through water cycle, science explains how heat flows and how it affects water and the weather.
Growth and Biological Processes
Our bodies change as we grow. We eat food, breathe air, and our heart pumps blood. Plants also need food and air to grow. Science helps us learn how living things survive and grow.
Measurement and Concept of Time
Long ago, people used the position of the shadows to tell time. Now-a-days, electric clocks and digital watches are used, and the measurement of time has evolved through scientific principles.
Light and Shadows
Light helps us see the world around us and when something blocks light, it creates a shadow. Even large objects like the Earth and the Moon can cast shadows in space, leading to interesting events like eclipses.
We also experience day and night because the Earth rotates on its axis, making different parts of the planet face the light from the Sun or move away from it.
Movements of the Earth and Moon
The Moon moves around the Earth and the Earth moves around the Sun. These movements cause many changes we observe, such as the phases of the Moon, the changing seasons and the rising and setting of the Sun. Science helps us understand how all these movements happen and how they affect our daily life and the natural world.
Class 7 Science Chapter 1 Notes The Ever Evolving World of Science
We hope you enjoyed your adventures with Curiosity in Grade 6, and are now ready to continue our journey into the wonderful world of science. This again, is not just a textbook with facts it is an invitation to question, to perform experiments, and to explore, as we try to understand the beautiful world we live in. The world of science covers everything — small and large, near and far. We may be looking at tiny cells inside a leaf, or the movement of the sun and the stars. We may be testing out the materials around us at home, or discussing how water flows underground. As you go through the chapters in this book, you will start new adventures that challenge your thinking, expand your knowledge, and help you become an explorer, making small discoveries for yourself.
Before we dive into our exciting journey, take a moment to observe something special about this book. Look at the page numbers they follow the playful flight of a butterfly and the soaring of a paper plane! Just as a butterfly flutters freely and a paper plane flies into the sky, learning takes flight when curiosity leads the way. Did you know that something as simple as a paper plane inspired real scientific explorations of flight? From early inventors studying bird wings to modern engineers designing aircraft, the dream of flying started with simple observations and experiments. So, as you turn each page, let your imagination take flight exploring new ideas, discovering wonders, and reaching for the skies!
Exploration, of course, isn’t just about discovering new facts or learning about different things in nature. Science, as we said in Grade 6, is a process, so it is about a way of thinking that welcomes curiosity, asks questions, and is open to the unknown. In Grade 7, we will try to ask deeper questions: How do things work? Why do events happen the way they do? And what can we learn from the patterns that we see in nature?
To do this, we have to step out of this book, step out of the classroom perhaps, and experience the world through activities and experiments. These are experiences that we hope will not just be interesting or exciting but also serve as stepping stones to a deeper understanding of the environment we live in and of our place on this planet. We believe that this will also help you to see science as an ongoing process of discovery. And not just about discovery alone, but also about responsibility. As young science explorers, you will soon see how human activities are linked to what happens in the natural world and are connected to the society we live in. You will, we hope, also see the role that science can play in addressing environmental challenges and help in creating a more sustainable world.
But let’s get back into this book for now. You will read about topics in different fields of science, from physics and chemistry to biology and earth sciences. While they might appear as different chapters, just as we had said in Grade 6, they are all interconnected. Scientific ideas in one area often inspire discoveries in another, or at least allow us to ask questions in another area. So, let’s take a quick journey through our book for this year. We will start by looking at the properties of materials around us, mostly the things we experience but perhaps never ask questions about—why are some fruits sour? What happens when we wash a haldi stain on our school uniform?
We then move on and play with some electric batteries, lamps and wires to try to find other kinds of properties of materials.
What kind of materials do we need to make a lamp glow? This will lead us to classifying materials based on their properties — and we will enter the world of metals and non-metals.
We know from our experience that a torch battery runs out eventually, and can’t be used again. We’ll explore what kind of changes happen around us. Some changes can be reversed and others cannot be reversed.
Batteries run out, ice melts into water, fruits ripen, rocks break into pebbles… what kind of changes are these? Some of these happen, or happen faster, when things are heated. We will look at how heat flows—whether it is the melting of an ice cube in a glass, or the melting of a glacier. Water is, of course, everywhere, and with the heat from the Sun, it evaporates from the seas and falls as rain, perhaps trickling down into the ground, somewhere far away.
However, it isn’t just changes in materials around us that we see, or the hidden changes in water that we do not see. As we are growing, our bodies are changing as well. Especially around the middle-school years, our bodies are changing rapidly! Why? Not just us humans, there are life processes that are essential to all animals for their survival. To grow, we have to eat and breathe, blood has to circulate the nutrients from the food all over the body and so on. But why animals alone? Don’t plants also need food to grow? How do they get their food? Do they also breathe? How?
Over the time that life has evolved on our planet Earth, it has figured out how to do this in a beautiful and carefully balanced way. Ah, but what is time? The clock on the wall or a wrist watch tells us the time and how it passes. We get prepared to go to school in the morning and are ready to sleep at night but have you thought about how we measure time? And how fast does something happen?
Long before the age of electric clocks and digital watches, early humans observed the shadows of objects in the Sun and used the position of the shadows to tell the time. Light and shadows are not just useful for shadow puppets or to tell the time. Naturally, light helps us see and today, we’ve developed a lot of ways to generate light (so we can read a book at night, even when the Sun doesn’t shine). But, more importantly, asking questions about the nature of light has given us a very deep understanding of the universe we live in. While we’ll perhaps learn about it only later, light and shadows are not just limited to things around us at home.
Even the Earth and the Moon can cast shadows, leading to the fascinating phenomena of eclipses. And of course, we have day and night that depend on receiving light from the Sun. To understand all of this, we need to know how the Earth rotates around its axis, how the Moon goes around the Earth, and the Earth around the Sun. And the consequences of these movements on life on our beautiful planet. While all this might have your head spinning, think about it. Isn’t it amazing that we humans can wonder about the wonderful world we live in?
In the chapters that follow, you’ll also make simple observations and do fun experiments, and dive into topics that need careful thinking. Each chapter builds on what you already know and encourages you to ask questions, explore, do handson experiments, and think like a scientist! As you will fi nd out, even those experiments that seem to confirm what we think will happen, might lead to some additional questions that might need more experiments and more questions.
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