Kaushal Bodh Class 8 Chapter 2 Extra Questions MCQ Feeding and Caring for Farm Animals - #NCSOLVE 📚

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Feeding and Caring for Farm Animals Class 8 Extra Questions MCQ

Feeding and Caring for Farm Animals Class 8 Extra Questions

Question 1.
What is animal husbandry?
Answer:
Animal husbandry is the management and care of livestock, including ethical farming practices like providing good housing, feed, water, timely medical treatment, and caring for the overall well-being of animals.

Question 2.
What is livestock?
Answer:
Domestic animals on a farm, collectively called livestock, form a large part of farmers’ wealth and regularly contribute to their income through products like milk, eggs, meat and wool.

Question 3.
Name the authority that oversees veterinary training in India.
Answer:
The Veterinary Council of India (VCI) is the nodal authority that decides how veterinarians should be trained and certified to work with animals.

Question 4.
What does the term ‘Dry Matter (DM)’ mean in the context of animal feed?
Answer:
Dry Matter (DM) is the non-water portion of animal feed. It represents the actual nutritional content of the feed after water is removed.

Question 5.
Name two Indian mobile apps useful for farm animal care.
Answer:
The two Indian mobile applications useful for farm animal care are

• The feeding chart app developed by the Indian Council of Agricultural Research.
• A goat farming app developed by the Central Institute for Research on Goats.

Question 6.
What are ectoparasites? Give two examples.
Answer:
Ectoparasites are external parasites that live on the skin or body surface of animals and feed on their blood. For examples, ticks and lice.

Question 7.
Name three festivals in India that celebrate farm animals.
Answer:
Bendur/Pola, Kanuma and Khaturva are the three Indian festivals that celebrate and honour farm animals.

Question 8.
What is the normal body temperature measurement method for cattle?
Answer:
The normal body temperature measurement method for cattle is a digital thermometer. It is inserted carefully into the rectum of the animal for one minute. After removal, it is cleaned with cotton and antiseptic, and the temperature reading is noted.

Question 9.
What is the difference between ruminant and non-ruminant animals?
Answer:
The difference between ruminant and non-ruminant animals is as follows

Ruminant Animals	Non-Ruminant Animals
Have four stomach chambers for digestion.	Have a single or simple stomach system.
Can digest rough grass and low-quality fodder.	Need easily digestible, high-quality feed.

Question 10.
What are the basic needs of livestock? Explain briefly.
Answer:
The basic needs of livestock are as follows
(i) Nutritious food and clean water to support health and productivity.
(ii) Proper shelter that is clean, well-ventilated, safe from weather and protected from predators.
(iii) Regular vaccination and timely medical treatment to prevent and cure diseases.
(iv) A safe environment that supports healthy growth and optimum productivity.

Question 11.
How is silage made? Describe the three main steps.
Answer:
Silage is made by the process of controlled fermentation in an anaerobic environment using green fodder. The three main steps of silage making are as follows
(i) Chop the Fodder: Green fodder is cut into 2-3 cm pieces using a fodder chopping machine to allow compact packing.
(ii) Fill the Bag: Chopped fodder is firmly pressed into a silage bag using feet to remove all air from inside.
(iii) Seal the Bag: The bag is tied tightly at the top and sealed with tapejio prevent air from entering.

Question 12.
What is Schaeffer’s Formula? Why is it useful?
Answer:
Schaeffle’s Formula is a method to estimate the body weight of large farm animals using body measurements.

• For goats Weight = Length × Girth² ÷ 600.
• For cows/buffaloes, Weight = Length × Girth² ÷ 330.

It is useful because large animals cannot always be placed on a weighing scale. The formula uses the principle of Weight = Volume × Density and provides an estimated weight (with about 10-15% error). It helps farmers calculate the correct feed quantity and medicine dosage for their animals.

Question 13.
Why is vaccination important for livestock? Name any two vaccines given to farm animals.
Answer:
Vaccination is important for livestock because it protects them from infectious and contagious diseases that can cause death and heavy economic losses. It also prevents some diseases from spreading to humans.

The two important vaccines are

• Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) Vaccine: Given every six months to cattle, buffalo, sheep, goat, and pigs.
• Haemorrhagic Septicaemia Vaccine: Given annually to cattle and buffaloes before the monsoon season.

Question 14.
How can you visually assess the health of a farm animal?
Answer:
A farm animal’s health can be assessed visually by observing the following

• Eyes: Should be bright, moist and clean.
• Nostrils: Should be clean, wet and without any discharge.
• Skin: Should be glossy, clean and free from parasites like ticks and mites.
• Behaviour: The animal should be alert, curious and interested in its surroundings.
• Appetite: The animal should show a good appetite with no signs of diarrhoea.

Question 15.
What is a dry fodder mixture, and how is it prepared?
Answer:
A dry fodder mixture is chopped dry fodder (like rice straw, wheat straw or jowar) treated with jaggery, salt, and mineral mixture to improve its taste and digestibility. It is prepared through the following steps

• Collect 5-10 kg of chopped dry fodder.
• Dissolve 300 g of jaggery (3%) and 100 g of salt (1%) and optionally 100 g of mineral mixture in 5 litres of water.
• Spread the fodder and sprinkle this liquid mix over it.
• Make a heap and cover it with a polythene sheet.
• After 2-3 hours, the treated feed is ready to be given to animals.

Question 16.
What are the home remedies used by farmers for livestock? Give examples.
Answer:
Indian farmers use various traditional home remedies for livestock. For external parasites like ticks and lice, neem leaves, lantana leaves, or turmeric paste is applied on the skin.

For indigestion in cows, a remedy made of 10 betel leaves, 20 g ginger, 10 g pepper, 10 g garlic and 50 g rock salt pounded in lukewarm water is given every 6 hours.

Turmeric mixed with oil is applied on wounds for its anti-inflammatory properties. These home remedies are cost-effective and are passed down through generations of farmers.

Question 17.
Explain the science of silage-making. Why is silage important for farmers? What precautions must be taken while making and using silage?
Answer:
Silage-making is a way of preserving green fodder for animals like cows and goats through fermentation in an airtight container called a silo. Bacteria convert the sugars in the tightly packed grass into lactic acid, which increases acidity and prevents the food from rotting.

Importance and precautions of silage-making

• Importance for Farmers: It allows farmers to store extra green fodder during the rainy season and use it during dry months when fresh grass is hard to find.
• Precautions: Farmers must not open the storage bags for three weeks during fermentation. If the feed smells bad or shows mold, it must be discarded immediately.

Question 18.
How is a feeding chart prepared for farm animals? Explain with an example using Schaeffer’s Formula and the DM calculation.
Answer:
A feeding chart is a scientific plan that tells how much food an animal needs each day based on its body weight and nutritional requirements.

• Estimate Body Weight using Schaeffer’s Formula: If a weighing scale is not available, measure the animal’s Length (from shoulder to tail base) and Girth (chest circumference) in inches using a tape measure.
• For goat Weight = Length × Girth² ÷ 600
• For cow/buffalo Weight = Length × Girth² ÷ 330
• Calculate Daily Dry Matter (DM) Requirement
  DM = 3% of body weight (in grams)
  For example, for a 32 kg goat,
  DM = 32,000 × 3% = 960 g/day
• Divide DM into Feed Components
  Concentrate Feed = 25% of DM = 960 × 25%
  = 240g
  Total Fodder = 75% of DM = 720 g
  Dry Fodder = 25% of Total Fodder = 720 × 25%
  = 180g
  Green Fodder = 75% of Total Fodder = 720 × 75%
  = 540g

Actual Green Fodder needed (since green fodder has 80% water) = 540 × 5 = 2700 g (approximately 2.7 kg)
The total feed should be divided into 2-3 equal meals given at dawn, midday and early evening. Comparing this calculated chart with what the farmer actually gives helps identify any overfeeding or underfeeding of the animal.

Question 19.
A dairy farmer prepares a balanced diet for his cattle. Along with green fodder and dry fodder, he includes grains, oil cakes and bran in the feed to provide additional protein and energy required for better growth and milk production. What are these protein and energy-rich feed supplements?
Answer:
These feed supplements are called concentrates. They are rich in protein and energy and include grains, oil cakes and bran. They form about 25% of the total dry matter requirement of animals.

Question 20.
A veterinarian visits a dairy farm to examine a cow that appears weak and stressed. To determine whether the animal is breathing normally, the veterinarian observes the movement of the flank region and counts the number of breaths taken in one minute. How can the respiration rate of a farm animal be checked?
Answer:
To check the respiration rate of a farm animal, first identify the flank region, the area of flesh on either side of the body between the rear leg and the last rib. Then, using a stopwatch, count either the rises or falls of the flank region for one minute.
Never count both rises and falls together. The normal respiration rate for cattle is about 25-50 breaths per minute, and for goats it is about 12-25 breaths per minute. A rate higher or lower than normal may indicate illness, stress or fever.

Question 21.
A dairy farmer maintains a register in which he regularly records the health details of his cows and goats. Before vaccination and treatment, the veterinarian checks these records to assess the animals’ condition. The farmer also observes physical signs and measures important health parameters to ensure that the animals remain healthy and productive. Explain the importance of keeping health records of farm animals. What parameters are checked and how is each measured?
Answer:
Importance of Health Records

• Health records help farmers monitor the condition of animals regularly and detect diseases at an early stage.
• They help veterinarians decide proper vaccination schedules and accurate medicine dosages for treatment.
• They support better farm management by tracking growth, productivity, and overall health overtime.

Parameters Checked and Their Measurement

• Visual Signs: Farmers observe bright eyes, glossy skin, and appetite to assess the animal’s health.
• Respiration Rate: It is measured by counting the number of breaths taken in one minute.
• Body Temperature: It is measured using a digital thermometer to check for fever.

Question 22.
Answer the following questions based on the concepts represented in diagrams/images from this chapter.

(a) What is the flank region of an animal?
Answer:
The flank region is the area of flesh on either side of the body, located between the rear leg and the last rib of the animal.

(b) Why is the flank region important for monitoring animal health?
Answer:
The flank region is used to count the respiration rate of an animal. By counting the rises or falls of the flank in one minute, we can determine whether the animal’s breathing is normal. Abnormal breathing may indicate fever, stress or illness.

(c) Why is this region used for monitoring the animal’s health?
Answer:
This region is used to monitor the respiration rate of the animal. By observing the movement (rise and fall) of the flank for one minute, we can check whether breathing is normal or if the animal is sick, stressed or suffering from fever.

(c) What can happen if the silage bag is not sealed properly?
Answer:
(a) Compacting the fodder tightly in the silage bag removes oxygen (air) from inside. Since lactic acid bacteria responsible for fermentation grow in anaerobic (no oxygen) conditions, removing air is essential for proper silage formation. If air remains, the fodder may rot or develop mould instead of fermenting correctly.

(b) Good quality silage has the following signs

• No fungal or mould growth
• Golden brown colour
• A pleasant fruity aroma
• Free-flowing and non-sticky texture
• A mildly acidic pH of around 4.0-4.5

(c) If the silage bag is not sealed properly, air enters inside and the fodder may spoil. It can develop mould, bad smell and become unsafe for animals to eat.

Question 23.
Answer the following questions based on the concepts represented in diagrams/images from this chapter.

(a) Why is Schaeffer’s Formula used for estimating animal weight?
(b) What is the importance of estimating the body weight of farm animals?
(c) How does this method help farmers in animal care?
Answer:
(a) Schaeffer’s Formula is used for estimating animal weight because large animals like cattle, buffaloes and goats cannot always be weighed on a regular weighing scale. It helps to calculate body weight using length and girth measurements. This indirect method supports proper feeding, correct medicine dosage and better livestock health management.

(b) Estimating body weight is important because it helps in deciding the correct amount of feed, medicine dosage, and monitoring the animal’s health and growth. It also supports proper management and productivity of livestock.

(c) This method helps farmers calculate the correct amount of feed and medicine dosage. It also supports proper health monitoring and improves productivity without needing expensive weighing machines.

Question 24.
Complete the following flow chart related to Basic Needs of Livestock.

Answer:
(a) Nutritious Food
(b) Improves soil, protection from weather

Question 25.
Complete the following flow chart related to Weight Estimation.

Answer:
(a) Girth
(b) Body Weight

Question 26.
Create a concept map showing the Basic Needs of Livestock.
Answer:

Question 27.
Draw a concept map showing the Different Types of Animal Feed.
Answer:

Question 28.
Your school is organising an awareness programme on animal husbandry and livestock management. You have been invited as a veterinary officer to interact with students and farmers. Assume the role of a veterinary officer and explain the importance of livestock, their basic needs, proper feeding practices, vaccination and healthcare measures, methods of maintaining animal health records, and the role of animal husbandry in improving livestock productivity and welfare.
Answer:
Do it yourself.

Question 29.
Discuss the importance of animal husbandry, the basic needs of livestock, the role of balanced nutrition and healthcare, the significance of vaccination and disease prevention, and how scientific livestock management benefits farmers and animals alike.
Answer:
Do it yourself.

Feeding and Caring for Farm Animals Class 8 MCQ

Question 1.
The management and care of livestock is known as
(a) Horticulture
(b) Animal husbandry
(c) Aquaculture
(d) Sericulture
Answer:
(b) Animal husbandry

Question 2.
Schaeffle’s Formula is used to estimate
(a) Feed requirement
(b) Body temperature
(c) Body weight
(d) Respiration rate
Answer:
(c) Body weight

Question 3.
Silage is prepared using which process?
(a) Aerobic respiration
(b) Photosynthesis
(c) Controlled fermentation in anaerobic conditions
(d) Drying in sunlight
Answer:
(c) Controlled fermentation in anaerobic conditions

Question 4.
The formula for estimating live body weight of a goat is
(a) Length × Girth ÷ 600
(b) Length × Girth² ÷ 600
(c) Length² × Girth ÷ 600
(d) Girth × Girth ÷ 330
Answer:
(b) Length × Girth² ÷ 600

Question 5.
The normal respiration rate for cattle is
(a) 5-10 breaths per minute
(b) 12-25 breaths per minute
(c) 25-50 breaths per minute
(d) 60-80 breaths per minute
Answer:
(c) 25-50 breaths per minute

Question 6.
India ranks first in the world in which animal population?
(a) Buffalo and sheep
(b) Cow and goat
(c) Camel and horse
(d) Pig and poultry
Answer:
(b) Cow and goat

Question 7.
A farmer stores green fodder in an airtight silo to prepare silage for his cattle. After a few weeks, the fodder develops a pleasant sour smell, indicating successful fermentation. The fermentation process is mainly carried out by a specific type of bacteria that helps preserve the fodder. Which bacteria are responsible for silage fermentation?
(a) Yeast bacteria
(b) Lactic acid bacteria
(c) E. coli bacteria
(d) Nitrogen-fixing bacteria
Answer:
(b) Lactic acid bacteria

Question 8.
Bhimbetka cave paintings are located in which state?
(a) Rajasthan
(b) Maharashtra
(c) Madhya Pradesh
(d) Uttar Pradesh
Answer:
(c) Madhya Pradesh

Question 9.
The Veterinary Council of India (VCI) is the nodal authority for
(a) Livestock breeding
(b) Preparing veterinarians
(c) Animal vaccination schedules
(d) Animal feed formulation
Answer:
(b) Preparing veterinarians

Question 10.
What percentage of Dry Matter (DM) should concentrate feed ideally form?
(a) 10%
(b) 50%
(c) 25%
(d) 75%
Answer:
(c) 25%

Question 11.
Which of the following is not a sign of a healthy animal?
(a) Bright and moist eyes
(b) Dull coat and nasal discharge
(c) Alert behaviour
(d) Good appetite
Answer:
(b) Dull coat and nasal discharge

Question 12.
What is the ideal pH of good-quality silage?
(a) 6.0-7.0
(b) 4.0-4.5
(c) 1.5-2.0
(d) 7.5-8.0
Answer:
(b) 4.0-4.5

Question 13.
Dry Matter (DM) required by an adult animal is
(a) 1% of body weight
(b) 5% of body weight
(c) 2-3% of body weight
(d) 10% of body weight
Answer:
(c) 2-3% of body weight

Question 14.
Tsering belongs to the Brokpa community of Ladakh. His family follows a traditional pastoral lifestyle and depends on livestock rearing for milk, wool, meat, and transportation in the cold mountainous region. Which animals are mainly reared by the Brokpas of Ladakh?
(a) Cows and goats
(b) Pigs and poultry
(c) Yak and sheep
(d) Camels and horses
Answer:
(c) Yak and sheep

Question 15.
Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) vaccination is given every
(a) 3 months
(b) 6 months
(c) 1 year
(d) 2 years
Answer:
(b) 6 months

Fill in the Blanks

1. Farm animals are collectively called __________ on a farm.
Answer:
livestock

2. The frmula for estimating weight of a cow/buffalo is: Weight = Length × Girth² ÷ __________.
Answer:
330

3. Silage is made by controlled __________ in an anaerobic environment.
Answer:
fermentation

Question 4.
Green fodder has approximately __________ % water content.
Answer:
80

Question 5.
The __________ is the area of flesh on either side of the body between the rear leg and last rib, used to count breaths.
Answer:
flank region

Question 6.
The word ‘silage’ is derived from ‘silo’, meaning a pit or container with
Answer:
stored food

True or False

1. Ruminant animals have two chambers in the stomach.
Answer:
False

2. Playing music in cow sheds can increase milk production.
Answer:
True

3. Silage with white or black mould can be safely fed to animals.
Answer:
False

4. Neem, lantana leaves and turmeric are used by farmers to prevent external parasites on animals.
Answer:
True

5. Dry Matter(DM) is the water portion of animal feed.
Answer:
False

6. All farm and wild animals in India are protected under the Cruelty to Animals Act, 1960.
Answer:
True

The post Kaushal Bodh Class 8 Chapter 2 Extra Questions MCQ Feeding and Caring for Farm Animals appeared first on Learn CBSE.

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